Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002) - Andorra (2007)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002) z Andorra (2007)

	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)	Andorra (2007)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order	7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
Age structure	0-14 years: 25.4% (male 904; female 864) 15-64 years: 64.4% (male 2,288; female 2,193) 65 years and over: 10.2% (male 303; female 402) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 14.5% (male 5,433/female 4,984) 15-64 years: 71.2% (male 26,775/female 24,354) 65 years and over: 14.3% (male 5,074/female 5,202) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish	small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep
Airports	2 (2001)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	-
Area	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups	total: 468 sq km land: 468 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.	For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.
Birth rate	14.96 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	8.45 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million	revenues: $333.5 million expenditures: $386.6 million (2005)
Capital	Saint-Pierre	name: Andorra la Vella geographic coordinates: 42 30 N, 1 31 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy	temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Coastline	120 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991, approved by referendum 14 March 1993, effective 28 April 1993
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon	conventional long form: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Andorra local long form: Principat d'Andorra local short form: Andorra
Currency	euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)	-
Death rate	6.61 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	6.45 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	self-governing territorial collectivity of France	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (3) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (3) 205-5206
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	chief of mission: Ambassador Julian VILA COMA chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064 FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France	$0
Economy - overview	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.	Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for more than 80% of GDP. An estimated 11.6 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its partial "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.
Electricity - consumption	38.13 million kWh (2000)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	NA kWh
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
Electricity - production	41 million kWh (2000)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m	lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
Environment - current issues	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment	deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)	Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)	euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Claude VALLEIX (since 9 October 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council	chief of state: French Coprince Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002) and Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003); represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since NA) head of government: Executive Council President Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA (since 27 May 2005) cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held in April-May 2009) election results: Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA
Exports	$12 million f.o.b. (1999)	$148.7 million f.o.b. (2005)
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts	tobacco products, furniture
Exports - partners	US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999)	Spain 59.5%, France 17.0% (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions	three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
GDP	purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	3.5% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	46 50 N, 56 20 W	42 30 N, 1 30 E
Geography - note	vegetation scanty	landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees
Highways	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km (1994 est.)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$55 million f.o.b. (1999)	$1.879 billion (2005)
Imports - commodities	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials	consumer goods, food, electricity
Imports - partners	France 44%, Canada 40% (1999)	Spain 53.2%, France 21.1% (2006)
Independence	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)	1278 (formed under the joint suzerainty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Urgel)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism	tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking, tobacco, furniture
Infant mortality rate	8.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 4.03 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.37 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.1% (1991-96 average)	3.2% (2005)
International organization participation	FZ, WFTU	CE, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional
Labor force	3,000 (1997) (1997)	42,420 (2005)
Labor force - by occupation	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)	agriculture: 0.3% industry: 20.3% services: 79.4% (2005)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 120.3 km border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
Land use	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.13% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.87% (2005)
Languages	French (official)	Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
Legal system	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation	based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1	unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the seven parishes; to serve four-year terms) elections: last held on 24 April 2005 (next to be held in March-April 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 41.2%, PS 38.1%, CDA-S21 11%, other 9.7%; seats by party - PLA 14, PS 12, CDA-S21 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.93 years male: 75.66 years female: 80.32 years (2002 est.)	total population: 83.52 years male: 80.62 years female: 86.62 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)	definition: NA total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100%
Location	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)	Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain
Map references	North America	Europe
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of France and Spain
Military branches	-	no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)
Nationality	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French	noun: Andorran(s) adjective: Andorran
Natural hazards	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard	avalanches
Natural resources	fish, deepwater ports	hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
Net migration rate	-4.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	6.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]	Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD); Century 21 or S21 [Enric TARRADO]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA] (formerly Liberal Union or UL); Social Democratic Party or PS [Jaume BARTUMEU CASSANY] (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND)
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	6,954 (July 2002 est.)	71,822 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.35% (2002 est.)	0.842% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Saint Pierre	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	4,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 99%	Roman Catholic (predominant)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.099 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.975 male(s)/female total population: 1.079 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system	general assessment: NA domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain
Telephones - main lines in use	4,000 (1997)	35,400 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	64,600 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)	0 (1997)
Terrain	mostly barren rock	rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
Total fertility rate	2.1 children born/woman (2002 est.)	1.31 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	9.8% (1997) (1997)	0% (1996 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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